Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT
Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT
© Fraunhofer IPT

Laser Structuring of complex 3D free-form surfaces

We offer deep process knowledge as well as specific system solutions for functionalizing with 5+4-axis Laser Structuring using short and ultra-short pulse lasers.

© Fraunhofer IPT

© Fraunhofer IPT

From micrometer to nanometer

In a CAM-controlled 5+4-axis laser machine, we are able to generate and automatically align self-organized nanostructures on free-form surfaces using an ultra-short pulse laser.

© Fraunhofer IPT

© Fraunhofer IPT

Procedural structures

We have developed a new methodology to describe and program structural patterns for laser surface structuring.

© Fraunhofer IPT

Laser Structuring

Laser Structuring is a process for functionalizing component surfaces. With such functionalization, the optical, mechanical, haptic and biological properties of the component are changed according to its desired use.

Changed component properties through surface functionalization

The fields of application are many and varied. For example, plastic surfaces in automobiles have better non-slip qualities and appear to be of higher quality if they are provided with microstructures. In the case of engine components, the right surface treatment reduces friction and, thus, air resistance. Water-repellent properties can be found today on coatings as well as on textiles. For metallic components, such as instruments in medical technology, this »lotus effect« is achieved by introducing a periodic structure using (ultra-)short pulse lasers. And the opposite effect can also be achieved by micro- and nanostructures in the surface: Hydrophilic surfaces, such as those found in vessels or certain optics, literally suck in water and transport the liquid in the desired direction.

Extensive system technology for laser structuring

At Fraunhofer IPT, we are able to reproduce micro- and nanostructures even on complexly shaped surfaces of metal, glass and plastic components. For the production of the structures we use conventional 5-axis systems in which we integrate (ultra-)short pulse lasers.

Our MIRA robot system is used for particularly large objects. With MIRA we can produce structures of the highest quality even for very large and complex components. In order to compensate for system-related inaccuracies of the robot, we have developed an intelligent Laser Structuring head that automatically detects and independently corrects position deviations.

Our services at a glance

  • Development of function-oriented nano- and microstructures
  • Surface structuring of complex shaped components
  • Individual consultation on the use of Laser Structuring
  • Feasibility and profitability studies
  • Adaptation of the process to existing production environments
  • Prototype production of surface structures

Areas of application

 

Hybrid lightweight
materials

In stationary or continuous hot pressing, laser-structured metals can be joined with lightweight materials in a force-transmitting manner.

hybrid lightweight materials

Tribological properties

By introducing microstructures into component surfaces with lasers, we specifically increase or minimize tribological stress and improve the sustainable use of coolants or lubricants.

High quality haptics

The microstructure of a surface determines how it feels. We use laser structuring to modify surfaces to achieve the desired haptic properties.

Controlling cell growth in biomedicine

By introducing micro- and nanostructures onto material surfaces, we influence the behavior of cells and bacteria: Cell growth is prevented or promoted depending on the structure, and we can even use them to control the differentiation of stem cells.

Wettability and fluid
dynamics

Micro- and nanostructures can be used to change the wetting properties of surfaces and create hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas. In addition, the smallest capillary structures ensure a directed, passive liquid transport.

Design and optics

Through the use of laser structuring we influence the aesthetic and visual properties of component surfaces. Thanks to this process, we can precisely manufacture almost any design pattern.

Diamond surface
machining

Diamonds are generally too hard for conventional machining techniques. Laser structuring converts diamonds into graphite, allowing far higher rates of ablation.

Laser marking instead of printing

For fast and precise labeling of materials, we integrate laser modules into existing production processes. This saves costs for labels and ink and allows flexible marking of products.

Projects

Publicly funded projects enable us to break new technological ground. Here you can find some examples:

Our Network

 

InDuBi Innovation
Network

We are a member of InDuBi, the innovation network for bionically structured surfaces.